Shell



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2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. GARRICK.

(Model.)

SHELL.

No. 322,275. Patented July '14, 1885..

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EXPLOSIVE DEVICES 56 2 Sheets--Sheet J. GARRICK.

(Model.)

SHELL.

No. 322,275. Patented July 14. 1885.

artisanat Ann arloslvr Dalers UNITED STATES xamner PATENT OFFICE..

SHELL.

SPECIFICATION forming part ofi-.atterra Patent No; 322,275, dated July14, 1385.

Application filed May 22, 1885. (Model.)

To all 'whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, J osnrrr GARRICK, of Michigan City, inthe county ofLa Porte and y State -of Indiana, have invented certain new 5 and usefulImprovements in Projectiles; and I do hereby declare that the followingis a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use1o tl1esame,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, which form part of thisspeciiication.

My invention relates to an` improvement in i 5 projectiles for mortars;and to this endit consists of an outer and inner shell, tli'e outer`shell y having its body of a'cylindrical oroth-er shape,

a curved spherical base, and the edge of "its open mouth provided with acurved annular 2o flaring flange, which projects over the mouth` of themortar. The smaller inner shell, fitting easily within the outershell,is of a spherical or oblong shape and free and independent of theother shell, and is provided at its up- 2 5 per central surface with acentral elongated tube. This -tube projects through an aperture in aflat metallic brace or plate, secured to the flange of the Aouter shellby bolts entering into screw-threaded holes in said flange, and thus 3oholds the tube and inner shell in acentral position. Around the neck ofthe said tube I place a flexible cushion or packing, .the-object ofwhich is to allow a certain amount of freedom of movement and vibration,and also 35 to overcome the inertia when the gun lis discharged and keepit from being dislodged from its central position. This hollow elongatedtube, protruding from the inner shell and projecting beyond the metallicplate or 4o bnace, is constructed'witlra narrow strip or projection uponits inner circular surface adjacent to the entrance to the inner'shellproper to act as alodgment or seat for the piece of tinor any suitablematerial which is placed 4 5 over the aperture of the tube, andhermctically sealed with plaster-of-paris and glue to keep out the'moisture. Upon the top ofthe seal is placed the exploding-cartridge andti lne-fuse, which will be more fully hereinafter explained. 5o There issituated in the bottom of the outer shell an elastic sabot orseat,having a central aperture for the inner shell, as shown clearly inthe accompanying drawings, which seat acts in conjunction with thecushiouaround the neck of the elongated tube, the purpose ol' 5 whichwas hereinbelore described.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of the shellcomplete, showing the fuse, and the pin c, which secures the spiralspring and cutter in position. The tension of 6o the spring may beslightly varied by turning it around the pin in a screw-like manner.Fig. 2 is a like elevation, showing the guiding and holding loop for thefuse, through which it passes. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of 65 auelongated shell, clearly illustrating the construction and arrangementof all its parts. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the cartridge-cutvterand spring;- Fig. 5 isa top plan view looking into the` shell. Fig. 6 isa sectional 7o view of spherical shell, the seal, the cartridge andplate being the same as that shown in Fig.

3, except the fiat spring as applied to the cutter instead of the spiralone. Fig. 7 shows detail views of all the parts composing the 75projectile, ready to be united one tothe other,

as follows: The outer shell is first set upon itse'nd. Thesabotis theninserted. The inner shell is then placed centrally within the outerone,'its base resting on the sabot or chair. The 8o shell is thencharged. A flexible cushion is now put over the neck ofthe shell. Thenthe spring is slipped on, andon top of-it another ilexiblc cushion, andover that the plate G, which secures all the parts together, andpartieu- S 5 larly the inner shell in a central position, these beingmodifications of another form, hereinafter pointed out. When the ilatspring is used to carry the cartridge-cutter, one end of itissecuredbyone ofthe bolts which is screwed 9o into the llange of the* outer shell.However, it must be understood that the cartridge is not insertedlintothe tube ofthe shell until the shell is desired to be fired. Duringtransportation a cork is simply inserted in the neck, 9 5 which protectsth'e tube intact. Vhen the projectile is put in order to be red,thespring is slightly turned, the cartridge put in, and it is ready foruse.

Likelettcrs of reference indicate correspondroo ing parts in all thefigures.

A designates the outer shell, of cylindrical or other shape, having theJspherical baseO and the curved annular iia11geD,which-,when

over the flange, and is bound tobe ignited by the shell is inserted inthe mortar B, prje'cts over the mouth of it, as shown in Fig. 3.4

The inner shell, E, is of a spherical or oblong form, and is providedwith the central elongated tube, F, which projects through the metallicplate or brace G, which is of any suitable shape, said lplate being.secured to the outer shell, A, by the bolts a a, and screw-holes Ywithin 'the ange D, andholds the shell and tube centrally within thevouter 'shell`or casing,A.,"v

H is the flexible cushion on packing around the neck of the tube F, andlocated between the plate and the inner shell, which, in conjunctionwith the flexible sabot or seat I, provided with an aperture'in itscentral surface `for the base of the shell E, `allows enough freedom ofmovement, and at the same time preventstoo much vibration-in a verticaldirecition of the shell E. These packi'ngs or cushions may be of anysuitable material-as, for

. instance, a spiral spring may be used either for the seat at thebottom of the shell E or for the cushion, the neck of the tube F, ormight be used'for both, without altering the spirit of myinvention. f

b'is a narrow strip or projection upon the inner circular surface of thetube F, upon 'which Ais Vplaced the tin and sealing device.

The percussion-cartridge J is placed on top of this wall ,or partition',and is provided with the timeffuse 0, which is passed through aguide-hole, K, formed of a piece of metal, and held between the plate Gand the iiange D by the bolts a; Thus the fuse is made to project thedash of the powder when the mortar is discharged.

AShould the fuse fail to fulfill its allotted duty,

I take the precaution y.to provide the spiral,-

sp'ring andcutter L,` which will cause theipercussion of the cartridge Jand-force the par-l tition between the shell and tube into the shell.

Instead or using the spiral springand cutter shown, I could use anotherstyle-that of a single fiat spring held bythe bolt a, as shown in Fig.5.

e designates a small pin or-catch, the objectof which is to registerwiththe spaces between the spirals of the spring-cutter L, and therebyhold the said cuttersecurely upon the tube F.

The manner'of operating andring of this shell may be briefly statedYasfollowsi'The.-

gunner 'touchesi theicliarge in the mortar. The flash ofthe powderignites the time-fuse, which projects downwardly over theiiange of theouter shell. Thus the cartridge -is exploded, and forces the partitionbetween the cartridge and the chamber of the shell proper into theshell, and causes the gun-cotton or other powerfulv explosive to burstboth shells simultaneously; but if the fuse should fail to operate Ihave provided for that emergency by using the hereinbefore-describedcutter, vwhich is bound to bring forth the desired effeet for the reasonthat the shell. being heavien at its open end, will fall or strikethereon, and

the cutter will act as a percutient.

. Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a projectile, the combination of the outer and inner shells, theouter shell being provided at its open mouth with a curved annular ange,and theinner shellriitting within.v thefouter one and provided with acentralv elongated tube provided with an inward cir-` cular projectionaround its cylindrical interior near its end to act as a seat for thepercussion-cart'ridge and time-fuse, as set forth.

2.' A projectile for mertars, composed of an outer and an inner shell,the inner shell being provided with an elastic tubular sabot at its baseformed with a circular space in the center thereof to admit the innershell to sit therein, a central elongated tube at its outer end having acircular strip upon its inward surface to act as aseat for the sealingdevice and the percussion-cartridge, an elastic washer interposedbetween the inn'er shell and the devicefor holding it within the outerone, as set forth.

3. A projectile for -mort ars, composed of an outer andV inner shell,the inner shell being provided with acentral elongated tube hav- .ing a'narrow strip or projection upon its inner circular surface to act as aseat for the 'percussion cartridge holding time-fuse, substantially asset forth. f

4. A projectile for mortars, composed of an outer and an inner shell,the inner shell being 'provided with an elongated central tube having anarrow strip or. projection upon its in'- ner circular surface to act asa seat for the percussion-cartridge, vand a spring and cutter for saidcartridge arranged on said tube at or near the end thereof near thecross-plate which holds the inner and outer shells centrally together,said spring engaging a small pin upon the tube, and also serving to holdthe cutter plate which carries the cutter proper, substantially as setforth.

5. yA projectile for mortars, composed of an outer and an inner shell,the inner shell being provided with an elongated tube, a pin or catchproperly situated thereon near thev crossplate and upon its outwardsurface, anda spring carrying the cutter-plate and cutter engaging Saidpiu or .,catchand-,situated at or ,nearv the IIO inkl. mi; mw

nit-Lowa nEvlca-:s

iLdHHHf guide-loop or holder for the time-fuse upon matic firingmechanism, substantially as set the surface of the said izmge,substantially as forth. l set forth. In testimony that I claim theforegoing as my v8. A projectile for mortars, composed of an own I affixmy signature in presence of two 5 outer shell and the inner shell,having a. tubuwitnesses.

lar cushion interposed between their bases, i the inner shell having aneck provided with l a narrowvstrip or projection upon its innerWitnesses: 'circular surface-for the reception of the seal O. E. DUFFY,ro and cartridge and on its outer side the anto- F. R. HARDING.

JOSEPH GARRICK.

